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Tree Surgery

Methods of Tree Pruning

In order to prune a tree without putting the tree at risk from tree diseases through bad pruning, there are certain ways that have to be learnt in the trade. The methods an Arborist uses to prune a tree are called Natural Target Pruning. These methods of practice reduce the risk of decay spreading through the tree and allow the tree to compartmentalise better. On a tree’s branch, you will find a branch collar and branch bark ridge. The branch collar should not be cut into because that will spread decay into the tree. The cut should be made just above the collar, limiting the decay and allowing callus to grow over the wound. The same goes for the branch bark ridge. This should be cut just above, again limiting the decay and allowing the tree to compartmentalise. If those areas of the tree were damaged, it would leave the cambium exposed and the way open for disease to spread. This could be the end for the tree, due to bad pruning.

Section Felling

When a tree is section felled by an Arborist, it is taken down in a controlled manner. There can be any number of reasons why a tree is section felled, usually it is because there is a building nearby or underneath the tree.

Lowering

Trees being dismantled over buildings will need lowering. This means to lower branches/trunks in a controlled manner. There are three methods of lowering: Tipp roping, Butt roping and Cradling.

Tree Thinning

A tree should be thinned depending on the percentage foliage needing to come out. An Arborist should start at the top of the tree’s crown, systematically removing secondary / primary branches and epercormic growth (young new growth). This should be carried out to the exact percentage stated on the tree survey, or emphasised by the local tree officer. The end result should be a tree looking more open and filtering light through.

Crown Cleaning

This operation is the removal of rubbing and crossing branches and dead wood. By removing the rubbing and crossing branches, it will reduce the risk of splitting and weak branches. Removal of dead wood reduces the risk of fallen debris.

Crown Reduction

When a tree is crown reduced, the tree is reduced in size. Again, the tree should be reduced to the given percentage to be specified by the Arborist. The end product should be a tree reduced but still having retained its shape. All branches should be naturally target pruned back to live growth. Tree reductions should only be carried out by an experienced and qualified Arborist.

Cable Bracing

Cable bracing is used to support weak limbs that are usually included and in danger of splitting. Included limbs grow against each other, pushing the two limbs apart. If a tree is diseased, the limbs can become weak and unsafe so they will also require bracing. Cobra bracing is the chosen system used by James Clark Tree Surgeon. This system emulates from Germany, holds more than four tonne and does not require any metal rods drilled through the tree.

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